0:00
I'm Amanda Matthews and thank you for watching this video at orchidaria
0:03
So in this video I'm going to talk about bacterial brown spot and how to identify it and how to treat it
0:10
So bacterial brown spot is caused by misting the orchid and leaving that mist or watering the orchid and leaving the water on top the leaf
0:21
That water sits on top the leaf for a long period of time and it causes necrosis, which is the death of the
0:29
plant tissue and without that plant tissue in place, bacteria will just come in and infest your
0:37
orchid. Now this is accelerated by lower temperatures and stagnant air if you do not have air
0:45
circulation. So you can have great temperatures. You bought your orchid in the summer. Excellent
0:50
Don't do what I did. Buy them in the winter. When your orchid gets brown spots that will turn black
0:56
and keep growing. This is caused by a bacteria called acidrovax or pseudomonas. Ascidrovaks will not stop
1:05
It keeps growing on the orchid until you either intervene. Most orchids do not have the capability
1:11
to fight a severe case like this by itself. If it's very small and just starting off
1:17
some orchids can, but most orchids cannot. Now to really tell if it's bacterial brown spot
1:25
The spots will start really small. And you can tell in this case right here, they're small
1:33
And they start as brown and they move to black. And they're going to try to pull all the nutrients around them
1:40
So it turns, they have like a little halo, a lighter yellow color around them
1:46
And they're just going to keep pulling the nutrients out until they take over the whole leaf
1:51
How to know if it's not bacterial brown spot. If the small spots take over more than one third of the leaf and it's one single color like your kid got an ink bottle and just poured it over the leaf, that's not bacterial brown spot. That is actually black rot and that is more severe, really
2:14
If the black spots are on the roots or the pseudobulbs, that's also not bacterial brown spot because bacterial brown spot will take the leaf
2:24
and it doesn't have to do with the roots. Blackening of the roots is something else
2:30
Also, the tips of the orchids, if they are turning black, it's not bacterial brown spot
2:36
It's one of these three things that I can't pronounce and I'll just put them right there
2:40
So if the tips of your orchids are turning black and the black is starting to progress towards the center of your leaf that not bacterial brown spot The very tip of your orchid if it turns black that could be over fertilization but it doesn keep growing Now the difference
2:59
here is because we're talking about something that keeps growing. Now, also, if the spots are not
3:05
circular, but they're longer, they're elongated, they're like pencil lines down the middle of your
3:12
orchid, that's also not bacterial brown spot. That's Gennargia leaf spot and it's not bacterial brown spot. And also if you start to have white spots on your leaf
3:24
along with the black spots, that's not bacterial brown spot because the white spots are spores
3:32
So you're dealing with a fungus. So the treatment is going to be a little different. You'll need to
3:37
apply a fungicide and not a bacteriocyte. How did this bacteria get on my orchid in the first place
3:43
So at the construction store, of course, they get plants, they sell plants, but they sell cement more than
3:50
they sell plants. So they're going to just water them anyway. And in this cold weather, that water does not
3:58
evaporate. If you live in a hotter climate, that water will evaporate quickly so you don't have that
4:04
many problems. But especially during winter, if you're going to water, be careful with the leaves
4:10
You're not going to pour water on top of everything and leave it
4:14
Of course, in nature, water does get in the crown. Water does get on the leaves, but it evaporates extremely fast because of the hot wind currents that are constantly flowing through the forest
4:27
So it's the water that sits on this orchid inside your home where it's colder or in winter
4:34
So it's colder. There's no airflow because you don't have the fan on
4:38
Most of us do not turn on the fan in winter. And this water just sits on the orchid day and night and day and night
4:46
And what's worse is that in the morning we think, ooh, my relative humidity is like 29
4:52
I'm going to miss this thing again. So you see the problem
4:56
It's like a never-ending circle. It has to get water. It has to get relative humidity
5:01
It has to have a fan on it. It has to evaporate quickly
5:06
And if it doesn't, it gets this. Another way to get this is if I have a communal dunking process of where I get one orchid and I water it
5:18
and I drown it in water. And I use the same bucket with the same water and I get one orchid and do another orchid and do another orchid
5:27
One right after the other. And one of them has well if I get this orchid and do that I just going to spread this to my entire orchid collection because this is extremely contagious in between orchids I have to hold this in my hand because I have a temptation to touch a lot of stuff
5:47
So I'm trying not to touch my other orchids. That's why I'm holding this thing
5:51
To remind myself. By the way, I hope to see you in the comments below
5:55
Tell me what your orchid is doing and if you've had this and how you treated it
6:00
Another thing, keep your tools sterilized. We also have a, okay, today's repoddy
6:05
day. So I'm going to cut off all the spikes and I cut off one. I cut off the other and I cut off
6:10
this leaf and I forget to sterilize my instruments in between each one. Always sterilize. Do one
6:19
orchid, then sterilize your equipment, then another orchid and sterilize your equipment. You have to
6:24
sterilize your equipment. This stuff really spreads. I mean really spreads. To the best part of this
6:31
video how am i going to treat this because this is horrible so since it is a bacteria i need a
6:40
bacteriocyte the first thing is fysan 20 now i love fys and 20 because it's an algicide it's a
6:48
fungus side it's a bacteriocyte it's a virus side it virus side really this little thing it kills
6:58
everything that you can imagine if you don't have fives 20 in your area you can use hydrogen peroxide. Now hydrogen peroxide is water with an extra
7:09
oxygen inside of it. So what you'll want to do, if you're using fizaan 20, you'll need to dilute this in
7:16
one tablespoon per two gallons. You can also treat the bacteria with cinnamon. Now this is the
7:25
hardest part because out of all of these, the fizaan 20, the hydrogen peroxia, the hydrogen peroxide
7:31
You can get on the roots with no problem. It's not going to hurt the roots. Now cinnamon is a
7:37
second. It will it will pull the humidity out of this out of anything it gets in touch. That's why you can't get a cinnamon and put it on a spoon and actually eat it pure
7:50
That what that does is it pulls all the humidity out of the
7:55
It immediately pulls all the humidity out of whatever it touches and it dry
8:01
eyes up. That's why it's going to dry up your throat and your throat's going to close a little bit
8:07
and you will have an immediately gag response. Now this leaf is more than, I mean, even if I
8:18
I don have to treat this leaf Oh well hang in there little orchid So what I going to do I going to treat the remaining parts of this leaf with 20 I going to spray it on here I going to dilute the fysand 20 with water I going to spray this on here
8:38
twice a day. Now, why do I say twice a day? The instructions say once a day, but this is a really
8:45
severe case, and I'm probably not going to save this orchid. And how do I know that? Look at the
8:51
discoloration in the stem. It's already yellow. The rot has already. spread it to its initial stages inside the stem and that is going to be extremely hard to get back
9:04
So this orchid is probably a goner but you never give up on orchids
9:10
They're just like kids, you don't give up on them. So I'm going to treat this with fiza and 20
9:15
I'm going to miss it in the morning. I can even do a soak where I'm going to soak the whole orcan
9:19
In this case it probably might be better because the case is so severe and it wouldn't hurt
9:25
the roots either to give a little soak in this solution. So I'm going to do that and I'm going to
9:32
keep doing that until it gets better. And this orchid is going to stay in isolation. Now, the best thing
9:40
for me to do right now to actually give this orchid a chance is to cut off these blooms. Now, why do I
9:49
say that? Because these blooms are pulling a lot of energy out of the orchid. I mean
9:55
they're really sucking up all that energy. I hate to do this. I mean, look at that
10:01
Oh, that's, and you can also tell it's bacterial brown spot because of the smell
10:11
Oh gosh. If this video has increased your knowledge in orchid care, please give it a like button
10:17
That really helps me to know what videos to do more of or what videos to stay away from
10:22
And also, if you want to keep track of what your orchid is doing and write it down and have like a calendar of your treatment methods, I am working on an orchid diary, so like a journal or a notebook
10:36
That is under construction. It's almost ready. If you want to know more about that, go to orchidaria.com slash orchid journey
10:46
Let me tell you a secret. When you buy an orchid at a construction store or your home improvement store
10:52
really look at the leaves. In any case, if you have not seen this video down here
10:59
it talks about how to identify a healthy orchid and to yze if your orchid care is adequate or not
11:07
by these 13 signs, click on this video. And this video up here is going to be another tip
11:13
about caring for problems with orchids. I wish you the best in your orchid care
11:20
and happy cultivating
